(2) State or Local Judicial Officer. When a rule so states, it applies to a proceeding before a state or local judicial officer.
(3) Territorial Courts. These rules also govern the procedure in all criminal proceedings in the following courts:
(B) the district court for the Northern Mariana Islands, except as otherwise provided by law; and
(C) the district court of the Virgin Islands, except that the prosecution of offenses in that court must be by indictment or information as otherwise provided by law.
(5) Excluded Proceedings. Proceedings not governed by these rules include:
(B) a civil property forfeiture for violating a federal statute;
(C) the collection of a fine or penalty;
(D) a proceeding under a statute governing juvenile delinquency to the extent the procedure is inconsistent with the statute, unless Rule 20(d) provides otherwise;
(E) a dispute between seamen under 22 U.S.C. §§256–258; and
(F) a proceeding against a witness in a foreign country under 28 U.S.C. §1784.
(B) a United States attorney or an authorized assistant;
(C) when applicable to cases arising under Guam law, the Guam Attorney General or other person whom Guam law authorizes to act in the matter; and
(D) any other attorney authorized by law to conduct proceedings under these rules as a prosecutor.
(3) "Federal judge" means:
(B) a magistrate judge; and
(C) a judge confirmed by the United States Senate and empowered by statute in any commonwealth, territory, or possession to perform a function to which a particular rule relates.
(5) "Magistrate judge" means a United States magistrate judge as defined in 28 U.S.C. §§631–639.
(6) "Oath" includes an affirmation.
(7) "Organization" is defined in 18 U.S.C. §18.
(8) "Petty offense" is defined in 18 U.S.C. §19.
(9) "State" includes the District of Columbia, and any commonwealth, territory, or possession of the United States.
(10) "State or local judicial officer" means:
(B) a judicial officer empowered by statute in the District of Columbia or in any commonwealth, territory, or possession to perform a function to which a particular rule relates.
(12) "Victim" means a "crime victim" as defined in 18 U.S.C. §3771(e).1
