Wyoming Constitution
Article I
Declaration of Rights
Art. I §1 | POWER INHERENT IN THE PEOPLE
Art. I §2 | EQUALITY OF ALL
Art. I §3 | EQUAL POLITICAL RIGHTS
Art. I §4 | SECURITY AGAINST SEARCH AND SEIZURE
Art. I §5 | IMPRISONMENT FOR DEBT
Art. I §6 | DUE PROCESS OF LAW
Art. I §7 | NO ABSOLUTE, ARBITRARY POWER
Art. I §8 | COURTS OPEN TO ALL; SUITS AGAINST STATE
Art. I §9 | TRIAL BY JURY INVIOLATE
Art. I §10 | RIGHT OF ACCUSED TO DEFEND
Art. I §11 | SELF-INCRIMINATION; JEOPARDY
Art. I §12 | DETAINING WITNESSES
Art. I §13 | INDICTMENT
Art. I §14 | BAIL; CRUEL AND UNUSUAL PUNISHMENT
Art. I §15 | PENAL CODE TO BE HUMANE
Art. I §16 | CONDUCT OF JAILS
Art. I §17 | HABEAS CORPUS
Art. I §18 | RELIGIOUS LIBERTY
Art. I §19 | APPROPRIATIONS FOR SECTARIAN OR RELIGIOUS SOCIETIES OR INSTITUTIONS PROHIBITED
Art. I §20 | FREEDOM OF SPEECH AND PRESS; LIBEL; TRUTH A DEFENSE
Art. I §21 | RIGHT OF PETITION AND PEACEABLE ASSEMBLY
Art. I §22 | PROTECTION OF LABOR
Art. I §23 | EDUCATION
Art. I §24 | RIGHT TO BEAR ARMS
Art. I §25 | MILITARY SUBORDINATE TO CIVIL POWER; QUARTERING SOLDIERS
Art. I §26 | TREASON
Art. I §27 | ELECTIONS FREE AND EQUAL
Art. I §28 | TAXATION; CONSENT OF PEOPLE; UNIFORMITY AND EQUALITY
Art. I §29 | RIGHTS OF ALIENS
Art. I §30 | MONOPOLIES AND PERPETUITIES PROHIBITED
Art. I §31 | CONTROL OF WATER
Art. I §32 | EMINENT DOMAIN
Art. I §33 | COMPENSATION FOR PROPERTY TAKEN
Art. I §34 | UNIFORM OPERATION OF GENERAL LAW
Art. I §35 | EX POST FACTO LAWS; IMPAIRING OBLIGATION OF CONTRACTS
Art. I §36 | RIGHTS NOT ENUMERATED RESERVED TO PEOPLE
Art. I §37 | CONSTITUTION OF UNITED STATES SUPREME LAW OF LAND
Art. I §38 | RIGHT OF HEALTH CARE ACCESS
(b) Any person may pay, and a health care provider may accept, direct payment for health care without imposition of penalties or fines for doing so.
(c) The legislature may determine reasonable and necessary restrictions on the rights granted under this section to protect the health and general welfare of the people or to accomplish the other purposes set forth in the Wyoming Constitution.
(d) The state of Wyoming shall act to preserve these rights from undue governmental infringement.
Art. I §39 | OPPORTUNITY TO HUNT, FISH AND TRAP
Article II
Distribution of Powers
Art. II §1 | POWERS OF GOVERNMENT DIVIDED INTO THREE DEPARTMENTS
Article III
Legislative Department
Art. III §1 | COMPOSITION AND NAME OF LEGISLATURE
Art. III §2 | MEMBERS' TERMS AND QUALIFICATIONS
Art. III §3 | LEGISLATIVE APPORTIONMENT
Art. III §4 | VACANCIES [REPEALED]
Art. III §5 | WHEN MEMBERS ELECTED AND TERMS BEGIN
Art. III §6 | COMPENSATION OF MEMBERS; DURATION OF SESSIONS
Art. III §7 | TIME AND PLACE OF SESSIONS
(ii) The presiding officers of each house shall also jointly call a special session for the purpose of resolving a challenge or a dispute of any kind in the determination of the presidential electors.
Art. III §8 | MEMBERS DISQUALIFIED FOR OTHER OFFICE
Art. III §9 | COMPENSATION NOT TO BE INCREASED DURING TERM
Art. III §10 | PRESIDING OFFICERS; OTHER OFFICERS; EACH HOUSE TO JUDGE OF ELECTION AND QUALIFICATIONS OF ITS MEMBERS
Art. III §11 | QUORUM
Art. III §12 | RULES, PUNISHMENT AND PROTECTION
Art. III §13 | JOURNALS
Art. III §14 | SESSIONS TO BE OPEN
Art. III §15 | ADJOURNMENT
Art. III §16 | PRIVILEGE OF MEMBERS
Art. III §17 | POWER OF IMPEACHMENT; PROCEEDINGS
Art. III §18 | WHO MAY BE IMPEACHED
Art. III §19 | REMOVAL OF OFFICERS NOT SUBJECT TO IMPEACHMENT
Art. III §20 | LAWS TO BE PASSED BY BILL; ALTERATION OR AMENDMENT OF BILLS
Art. III §21 | ENACTING CLAUSE OF LAW
Art. III §22 | LIMITATION ON TIME FOR INTRODUCING BILL FOR APPROPRIATION
Art. III §23 | BILL MUST GO TO COMMITTEE
Art. III §24 | BILL TO CONTAIN ONLY ONE SUBJECT, WHICH SHALL BE EXPRESSED IN TITLE
Art. III §25 | VOTE REQUIRED TO PASS BILL
Art. III §26 | HOW LAWS REVISED, AMENDED OR EXTENDED
Art. III §27 | SPECIAL AND LOCAL LAWS PROHIBITED
laying out, opening, altering or working roads or highways;
vacating roads, town plats, streets, alleys or public grounds;
locating or changing county seats;
regulating county or township affairs;
incorporation of cities, towns or villages; or
changing or amending the charters of any cities, towns or villages;
regulating the practice in courts of justice;
regulating the jurisdiction and duties of justices of the peace, police magistrates or constables;
changing the rules of evidence in any trial or inquiry;
providing for changes of venue in civil or criminal cases;
declaring any person of age;
for limitation of civil actions;
giving effect to any informal or invalid deeds;
summoning or impaneling grand or petit juries;
providing for the management of common schools;
regulating the rate of interest on money;
the opening or conducting of any election or designating the place of voting;
the sale or mortgage of real estate belonging to minors or others under disability;
chartering or licensing ferries or bridges or toll roads;
chartering banks, insurance companies and loan and trust companies;
remitting fines, penalties or forfeitures;
creating[,] increasing, or decreasing fees, percentages or allowances of public officers;
changing the law of descent;
granting to any corporation, association or individual, the right to lay down railroad tracks, or any special or exclusive privilege, immunity or franchise whatever, or amending existing charter for such purpose;
for punishment of crimes;
changing the names of persons or places;
for the assessment or collection of taxes;
affecting estates of deceased persons, minors or others under legal disabilities;
extending the time for the collection of taxes;
refunding money paid into the state treasury, relinquishing or extinguishing, in whole or part, the indebtedness, liabilities or obligation of any corporation or person to this state or to any municipal corporation therein;
exempting property from taxation;
restoring to citizenship persons convicted of infamous crimes;
authorizing the creation, extension or impairing of liens;
creating offices or prescribing the powers or duties of officers in counties, cities, townships or school districts; or
authorizing the adoption or legitimation of children.
Art. III §28 | SIGNING OF BILLS
Art. III §29 | LEGISLATIVE EMPLOYEES
Art. III §30 | EXTRA COMPENSATION TO PUBLIC OFFICERS PROHIBITED
Art. III §31 | SUPPLIES FOR LEGISLATURE AND DEPARTMENTS
Art. III §32 | CHANGING TERMS AND SALARIES OF PUBLIC OFFICERS
Art. III §33 | ORIGIN OF REVENUE BILLS
Art. III §34 | GENERAL APPROPRIATION BILLS; OTHER APPROPRIATIONS
Art. III §35 | MONEY EXPENDED ONLY ON APPROPRIATION
Art. III §36 | PROHIBITED APPROPRIATIONS
Art. III §37 | DELEGATION OF POWER TO PERFORM MUNICIPAL FUNCTIONS PROHIBITED
Art. III §38 | INVESTMENT OF TRUST FUNDS
Art. III §39 | AID TO RAILROADS PROHIBITED
Art. III §40 | DEBTS TO STATE OR MUNICIPAL CORPORATION CANNOT BE RELEASED UNLESS OTHERWISE PRESCRIBED BY LEGISLATURE
Art. III §41 | RESOLUTIONS; APPROVAL OR VETO
Art. III §42 | BRIBERY OF LEGISLATORS AND SOLICITATION OF BRIBERY DEFINED; EXPULSION OF LEGISLATOR FOR BRIBERY OR SOLICITATION
Art. III §43 | OFFERS TO BRIBE
Art. III §44 | WITNESSES IN BRIBERY CHARGES
Art. III §45 | LEGISLATURE SHALL DEFINE CORRUPT SOLICITATION
Art. III §46 | INTERESTED MEMBER SHALL NOT VOTE
Art. III §47 | CONGRESSIONAL REPRESENTATION
Art. III §48 | STATE CENSUS
Art. III §49 | DISTRICT REPRESENTATION
Art. III §50 | APPORTIONMENT FOR FIRST LEGISLATURE
- Albany County
- two senators and five representatives
- Carbon County
- two senators and five representatives
- Converse County
- one senator and three representatives
- Crook County
- one senator and two representatives
- Fremont County
- one senator and two representatives
- Laramie County
- three senators and six representatives
- Johnson County
- one senator and two representatives
- Sheridan County
- one senator and two representatives
- Sweetwater County
- two senators and three representatives
- Uinta County
- two senators and three representatives
Art. III §51 | FILLING OF VACANCIES
Art. III §52 | INITIATIVE AND REFERENDUM
(b) An initiative or referendum is proposed by an application containing the bill to be initiated or the act to be referred. The application shall be signed by not less than one hundred (100) qualified voters as sponsors, and shall be filed with the secretary of state. If he finds it in proper form he shall so certify. Denial of certification shall be subject to judicial review.
(c) After certification of the application, a petition containing a summary of the subject matter shall be prepared by the secretary of state for circulation by the sponsors. The petition may be filed with the secretary of state if it meets both of the following requirements:
(ii) It is signed by qualified voters equal in number to fifteen percent (15%) of those resident in at least two-thirds (2/3) of the counties of the state, as determined by those who voted in the preceding general election in that county.
(e) A referendum petition may be filed only within ninety (90) days after adjournment of the legislative session at which the act was passed, except that a referendum petition respecting any act previously passed by the legislature may be filed within six months after the power of referendum is adopted. The secretary of state shall prepare a ballot title and proposition summarizing the act and shall place them on the ballot for the first statewide election held more than one hundred eighty (180) days after adjournment of that session.
(f) If votes in an amount in excess of fifty percent (50%) of those voting in the general election are cast in favor of adoption of an initiated measure, the measure is enacted. If votes in an amount in excess of fifty percent (50%) of those voted in the general election are cast in favor of rejection of an act referred, it is rejected. The secretary of state shall certify the election returns. An initiated law becomes effective ninety (90) days after certification, is not subject to veto, and may not be repealed by the legislature within two (2) years of its effective date. It may be amended at any time. An act rejected by referendum is void thirty (30) days after certification. Additional procedures for the initiative and referendum may be prescribed by law.
(g) The initiative shall not be used to dedicate revenues, make or repeal appropriations, create courts, define the jurisdiction of courts or prescribe their rules, enact local or special legislation, or enact that prohibited by the constitution for enactment by the legislature. The referendum shall not be applied to dedications of revenue, to appropriations, to local or special legislation, or to laws necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health, or safety.
Art. III §53 | CREATION OF CRIMINAL PENALTIES NOT SUBJECT TO GOVERNOR’S POWER TO COMMUTE
Article IV
Executive Department
Art. IV §1 | EXECUTIVE POWER VESTED IN GOVERNOR; TERM OF GOVERNOR
Art. IV §2 | QUALIFICATIONS OF GOVERNOR
Art. IV §3 | ELECTION OF GOVERNOR
Art. IV §4 | POWERS AND DUTIES OF GOVERNOR GENERALLY
Art. IV §5 | PARDONING POWER OF GOVERNOR
Art. IV §6 | ACTING GOVERNOR
Art. IV §7 | WHEN GOVERNOR MAY FILL VACANCIES IN OFFICE
Art. IV §8 | APPROVAL OR VETO OF LEGISLATION BY GOVERNOR; PASSAGE OVER VETO
Art. IV §9 | VETO OF ITEMS OF APPROPRIATIONS
Art. IV §10 | BRIBERY OR COERCION OF OR BY GOVERNOR
Art. IV §11 | STATE OFFICERS; ELECTION; QUALIFICATIONS; TERMS
Art. IV §12 | STATE OFFICERS; POWERS AND DUTIES
Art. IV §13 | SALARIES OF GOVERNOR AND OTHER ELECTIVE STATE OFFICERS
Art. IV §14 | EXAMINATION OF ACCOUNTS
Art. IV §15 | GREAT SEAL OF STATE
The seal of the Territory of Wyoming as now used shall be the seal of the state until otherwise provided by law.
Article V
Judicial Department
Art. V §1 | HOW JUDICIAL POWER VESTED
Art. V §2 | SUPREME COURT GENERALLY; APPELLATE JURISDICTION
Art. V §3 | SUPREME COURT GENERALLY; ORIGINAL JURISDICTION
Art. V §4 | SUPREME COURT GENERALLY; NUMBER; ELECTION OF CHIEF JUSTICE; QUORUM; VACANCIES IN SUPREME COURT OR DISTRICT COURT; JUDICIAL NOMINATING COMMISSION; TERMS; STANDING FOR RETENTION IN OFFICE
(b) A vacancy in the office of justice of the supreme court or judge of any district court or of such other courts that may be made subject to this provision by law, shall be filled by a qualified person appointed by the governor from a list of three nominees that shall be submitted by the judicial nominating commission. The commission shall submit such a list not later than 60 days after the death, retirement, tender of resignation, removal, failure of an incumbent to file a declaration of candidacy or certification of a negative majority vote on the question of retention in office under section [subsection] (g) hereof. If the governor shall fail to make any such appointment within 30 days from the day the list is submitted to him, such appointment shall be made by the chief justice from the list within 15 days.
(c) There shall be a judicial nominating commission for the supreme court, district courts and any other courts to which these provisions may be extended by law. The commission shall consist of seven members, one of whom shall be the chief justice, or a justice of the supreme court designated by the chief justice to act for him, who shall be chairman thereof. In addition to the chief justice, or his designee, three resident members of the bar engaged in active practice shall be elected by the Wyoming state bar and three electors of the state not admitted to practice law shall be appointed by the governor to serve on said commission for such staggered terms as shall be prescribed by law. No more than two members of said commission who are residents of the same judicial district may qualify to serve any term or part of a term on the commission. In the case of courts having less than statewide authority, each judicial district not otherwise represented by a member on the commission, and each county, should the provisions hereof be extended by law to courts of lesser jurisdiction than district courts, shall be represented by two nonvoting advisors to the commission when an appointment to a court in such unrepresented district, or county, is pending; both of such advisors shall be residents of the district, or county, and one shall be a member of the bar appointed by the governing body of the Wyoming state bar and one shall be a nonattorney advisor appointed by the governor.
(d) No member of the commission excepting the chairman shall hold any federal, state or county public office or any political party office, and after serving a full term he shall not be eligible for reelection or reappointment to succeed himself on the commission. No member of the judicial nominating commission shall be eligible for appointment to any judicial office while he is a member of the commission nor for a period of one year after the expiration of his term for which he was elected or appointed. Vacancies in the office of commissioner shall be filled for the unexpired terms in the same manner as the original appointments. Additional qualifications of members of the commission may be prescribed by law.
(e) The chairman of the commission shall cast votes only in the event of ties. The commission shall operate under rules adopted by the supreme court. Members of the commission shall be entitled to no compensation other than expenses incurred for travel and subsistence while attending meetings of the commission.
(f) The terms of supreme court justices shall be eight years and the terms of district court judges shall be six years.
(g) Each justice or judge selected under these provisions shall serve for one year after his appointment and until the first Monday in January following the next general election after the expiration of such year. He shall, at such general election, stand for retention in office on a ballot which shall submit to the appropriate electorate the question whether such justice or judge shall be retained in office for another term or part of a term, and upon filing a declaration of candidacy in the form and at the times prescribed by law, he shall, at the general election next held before the expiration of each term, stand for retention on such ballots. The electorate of the whole state shall vote on the question of retention or rejection of justices of the supreme court, and any other statewide court; the electorate of the several judicial districts shall vote on the question of retention or rejection of judges of their respective districts, and the electorate of such other subdivisions of the state as shall be prescribed by law shall vote on the question of retention or rejection of any other judges to which these provisions may be extended.
(h) A justice or judge selected hereunder, or one that is in office upon the effective date of this amendment, who shall desire to retain his judicial office a succeeding term, following the expiration of his existing term of office, shall file with the appropriate office not more than 6 months nor less than 3 months before the general election to be held before the expiration of his existing term of office a declaration of intent to stand for election for a succeeding term. When such a declaration of intent is filed, the appropriate electorate shall vote upon a nonpartisan judicial ballot on the question of retention in or rejection from office of such justice or judge, and if a majority of those voting on the question vote affirmatively, the justice or judge shall be elected to serve the succeeding term prescribed by law. If a justice or judge fails to file such a declaration within the time specified, or if a majority of those voting on the question vote negatively to any judicial candidacy, a vacancy will thereby be created in that office at the end of its existing term.
Art. V §5 | VOLUNTARY RETIREMENT AND COMPENSATION OF JUSTICES AND JUDGES
Art. V §6 | COMMISSION ON JUDICIAL CONDUCT AND ETHICS
(ii) Three (3) members of the Wyoming state bar, appointed by its governing body; and
(iii) Six (6) electors of the state, who are not active or retired judges or attorneys, appointed by the governor and confirmed by the senate.
(c) The commission shall divide itself into investigatory and adjudicatory panels for each case considered. No commission member may serve on an adjudicatory panel in any case in which that member served in an investigatory capacity.
(d) The commission, or a panel thereof, shall consider complaints of judicial misconduct made against judicial officers and, to the extent permitted and as provided for by the code of judicial conduct, may:
(ii) Recommend discipline of a judicial officer to the supreme court or a special supreme court.
(ii) The staggering of terms, and the removal and filling of vacancies of commission members;
(iii) The appointment of a special supreme court composed of five (5) district judges who are not members of the commission, to act in the place of the supreme court in any case involving the discipline or disability of a justice of the supreme court; and
(iv) Procedures for the operation of the commission including exercise of the commission's disciplinary powers.
(ii) For any judicial officer removed from office, order a forfeiture of any pension or retirement benefits accrued after the offending conduct, except for those that have been vested under the Wyoming retirement act or any local plan;
(iii) Suspend the judicial officer from practicing law in this state; and
(iv) Remove a judicial officer from office or impose other discipline permitted by the rules for judicial discipline for conduct that constitutes willful misconduct in office, or for a willful and persistent failure to perform the duties of the office, or for habitual intemperance, or for conduct prejudicial to the administration of justice that brings the judicial office into disrepute, or for a violation of the code of judicial conduct.
(h) A judicial officer removed from office is ineligible for any judicial office.
(j) This section applies to all judicial officers during their service on the bench and to former judicial officers regarding allegations of judicial misconduct occurring during service on the bench if a complaint is made within one (1) year following service. The term "judicial officer" includes all members of the judicial branch of government performing judicial functions.
Art. V §7 | SUPREME COURT GENERALLY; TERMS OF COURT
Art. V §8 | SUPREME COURT GENERALLY; QUALIFICATIONS OF JUSTICES
Art. V §9 | SUPREME COURT GENERALLY; CLERK
Art. V §10 | DISTRICT COURTS GENERALLY; JURISDICTION
Art. V §11 | DISTRICT COURTS GENERALLY; JUDGES TO HOLD COURT FOR EACH OTHER
Art. V §12 | DISTRICT COURTS GENERALLY; QUALIFICATIONS OF JUDGES
Art. V §13 | DISTRICT COURTS GENERALLY; CLERKS
Art. V §14 | DISTRICT COURTS GENERALLY; COMMISSIONERS
Art. V §15 | STYLE OF PROCESS
Art. V §16 | SUPREME COURT JUDGES LIMITED TO JUDICIAL DUTIES
Art. V §17 | SALARIES OF JUDGES OF SUPREME AND DISTRICT COURTS
Art. V §18 | APPEALS FROM DISTRICT COURTS TO SUPREME COURT
Art. V §19 | STATE DIVIDED INTO DISTRICTS; ELECTION AND TERMS OF DISTRICT JUDGES
Art. V §20 | DISTRICTS DEFINED
District number two shall consist of the counties of Albany, Johnson and Sheridan.
District number three shall consist of the counties of Carbon, Sweetwater, Uinta and Fremont.
Art. V §21 | INCREASE IN NUMBER OF DISTRICTS AND JUDGES
Art. V §22 | JURISDICTION OF JUSTICES OF THE PEACE
Art. V §23 | APPEALS FROM JUSTICES' COURTS
Art. V §24 | TERMS OF DISTRICT COURTS; ATTACHING UNORGANIZED TERRITORY TO ORGANIZED COUNTIES
Art. V §25 | JUDGES OF SUPREME AND DISTRICT COURTS SHALL NOT PRACTICE
Art. V §26 | POWER TO FIX TERMS OF COURT
Art. V §27 | JUDGES OF SUPREME AND DISTRICT COURTS SHALL NOT HOLD OTHER OFFICE
Art. V §28 | APPEALS FROM BOARDS OF ARBITRATION
Art. V §29 | JUVENILE DELINQUENCY AND DOMESTIC RELATIONS COURTS
Article VI
Suffrage and Elections
Art. VI §1 | MALE AND FEMALE CITIZENS TO ENJOY EQUAL RIGHTS
Art. VI §2 | QUALIFICATIONS OF ELECTORS
Art. VI §3 | ELECTORS PRIVILEGED FROM ARREST
Art. VI §4 | EXEMPTION OF ELECTORS FROM MILITARY DUTY
Art. VI §5 | ELECTORS MUST BE CITIZENS OF UNITED STATES
Art. VI §6 | WHAT PERSONS EXCLUDED FROM FRANCHISE
Art. VI §7 | WHEN RESIDENCE NOT LOST BY REASON OF ABSENCE
Art. VI §8 | SOLDIERS STATIONED IN STATE NOT CONSIDERED RESIDENTS
Art. VI §9 | EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS OF ELECTORS
Art. VI §10 | ALIEN SUFFRAGE
Art. VI §11 | MANNER OF HOLDING ELECTIONS
Art. VI §12 | REGISTRATION OF VOTERS REQUIRED
Art. VI §13 | PURITY OF ELECTIONS TO BE PROVIDED FOR
Art. VI §14 | ELECTION CONTESTS
Art. VI §15 | QUALIFICATIONS FOR OFFICE
Art. VI §16 | WHEN OFFICERS TO HOLD OVER; SUSPENSION OF OFFICERS
Art. VI §17 | TIME OF HOLDING GENERAL AND SPECIAL ELECTIONS; WHEN ELECTED OFFICERS TO ENTER UPON DUTIES
Art. VI §18 | METHOD OF SELECTING OFFICERS WHOSE ELECTION IS NOT PROVIDED FOR
Art. VI §19 | DUAL OFFICE HOLDING
Art. VI §20 | OATH OF OFFICE; FORM
"I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will support, obey and defend the constitution of the United States, and the constitution of the state of Wyoming; that I have not knowingly violated any law related to my election or appointment, or caused it to be done by others; and that I will discharge the duties of my office with fidelity."
Art. VI §21 | OATH OF OFFICE; HOW ADMINISTERED
Art. VI §22 | ABSENT VOTER BALLOTS, VOTING AND REGISTRATION
Article VII
Education; State Institutions; Promotion of Health and Morals; Public Buildings
Art. VII §1 | LEGISLATURE TO PROVIDE FOR PUBLIC SCHOOLS
Art. VII §2 | SCHOOL REVENUES
Art. VII §3 | OTHER SOURCES OF SCHOOL REVENUES
Art. VII §4 | RESTRICTION IN USE OF REVENUES
Art. VII §5 | FINES AND PENALTIES TO BELONG TO PUBLIC SCHOOL FUND
Art. VII §6 | STATE TO KEEP SCHOOL FUNDS; INVESTMENT
Art. VII §7 | APPLICATION OF SCHOOL FUNDS
Art. VII §8 | DISTRIBUTION OF SCHOOL FUNDS
Art. VII §9 | TAXATION FOR SCHOOLS
Art. VII §10 | NO DISCRIMINATION BETWEEN PUPILS
Art. VII §11 | TEXTBOOKS
Art. VII §12 | SECTARIANISM PROHIBITED
Art. VII §13 | LAND COMMISSIONERS
Art. VII §14 | SUPERVISION OF SCHOOLS ENTRUSTED TO STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION
Art. VII §15 | ESTABLISHMENT OF UNIVERSITY CONFIRMED
Art. VII §16 | TUITION FREE
Art. VII §17 | GOVERNMENT OF UNIVERSITY
Art. VII §18 | ESTABLISHMENT OF INSTITUTIONS
Art. VII §19 | TERRITORIAL INSTITUTIONS PASS TO STATE
Art. VII §20 | DUTY OF LEGISLATURE TO PROTECT AND PROMOTE HEALTH AND MORALITY OF PEOPLE
Art. VII §21 | BUILDINGS AND PROPERTY OF TERRITORY PASS TO STATE
Art. VII §22 | CONSTRUCTION AND SUPERVISION
Art. VII §23 | PERMANENT LOCATION
The state university shall be centered at the City of Laramie, in the County of Albany.
The state hospital shall be located at or near the City of Evanston, in the County of Uinta.
A penitentiary shall be located at or near the City of Rawlins, in the County of Carbon.
The legislature may provide by law the location of other public institutions, including correctional facilities.
Article VIII
Irrigation and Water Rights
Art. VIII §1 | WATER IS STATE PROPERTY
Art. VIII §2 | BOARD OF CONTROL
Art. VIII §3 | PRIORITY OF APPROPRIATION
Art. VIII §4 | WATER DIVISIONS
Art. VIII §5 | STATE ENGINEER
Article IX
Mines and Mining
Art. IX §1 | INSPECTOR OF MINES
Art. IX §2 | LEGISLATURE TO ENACT REGULATORY LAWS
Art. IX §3 | RESTRICTIONS ON EMPLOYMENT IN MINES
Art. IX §4 | RIGHT OF ACTION FOR INJURIES
Art. IX §5 | SCHOOL OF MINES
Art. IX §6 | STATE GEOLOGIST
Article X
Corporations
Art. X §1 | CREATION
Art. X §2 | CONTROL BY STATE
Art. X §3 | FORFEITED CHARTERS
Art. X §4 | DAMAGES FOR PERSONAL INJURIES OR DEATH; WORKER’S COMPENSATION
(b) Any section of this constitution to the contrary notwithstanding, for any civil action where a person alleges that a health care provider's act or omission in the provision of health care resulted in death or injury, the legislature may by general law:
Art. X §5 | ACCEPTANCE OF CONSTITUTION
Art. X §6 | ENGAGING IN MORE THAN ONE LINE OF BUSINESS
Art. X §7 | WHAT CORPORATIONS ARE COMMON CARRIERS
Art. X §8 | TRUSTS PROHIBITED
Art. X §9 | EMINENT DOMAIN
Art. X §10 | MUTUAL AND CO-OPERATIVE ASSOCIATIONS
Art. X §11 | POWERS AND RIGHTS OF RAILROADS
Art. X §12 | DISCRIMINATION BY RAILROADS AND TELEGRAPH LINES FORBIDDEN
Art. X §13 | RAILROADS TO MAKE ANNUAL REPORTS TO STATE AUDITOR
Art. X §14 | EMINENT DOMAIN
Art. X §15 | AID TO RAILROADS AND TELEGRAPH LINES PROHIBITED
Art. X §16 | ACCEPTANCE OF CONSTITUTION BY EXISTING RAILROAD, TRANSPORTATION AND TELEGRAPH COMPANIES
Art. X §17 | RIGHTS OF TELEGRAPH COMPANIES
Art. X §18 | FOREIGN RAILROAD OR TELEGRAPH COMPANY MUST HAVE AGENT FOR SERVICE OF PROCESS
Art. X §19 | LOCATION OF DEPOTS
Article XI
Boundaries
Art. XI §1 | STATE BOUNDARIES
Article XII
County Organization
Art. XII §1 | EXISTING COUNTIES REMAIN SUCH
Art. XII §2 | ORGANIZATION OF NEW COUNTIES
Art. XII §3 | CHANGING COUNTY SEATS
Art. XII §4 | TOWNSHIP ORGANIZATION
Art. XII §5 | COUNTY OFFICERS
Article XIII
Municipal Corporations
Art. XIII §1 | INCORPORATION; ALTERATION OF BOUNDARIES; MERGER; CONSOLIDATION; DISSOLUTION; DETERMINATION OF LOCAL AFFAIRS; CLASSIFICATION; REFERENDUM; LIBERAL CONSTRUCTION
(ii) For the methods by which city and town boundaries may be altered, and
(iii) For the procedures by which cities and towns may be merged, consolidated or dissolved; provided that existing laws on such subjects and laws pertaining to civil service, retirement, collective bargaining, the levying of taxes, excises, fees, or any other charges, whether or not applicable to all cities and towns on the effective date of this amendment, shall remain in effect until superseded by general law and such existing laws shall not be subject to charter ordinance.
(c) Each city or town may elect that the whole or any part of any statute, other than statutes uniformly applicable to all cities and towns and statutes prescribing limits of indebtedness, may not apply to such city or town. This exemption shall be by charter ordinance passed by a two-thirds (2/3) vote of all members elected to the governing body of the city or town. Each such charter ordinance shall be titled and may provide that the whole or any part of any statute, which would otherwise apply to such city or town as specifically designated in the ordinance shall not apply to such city or town. Such ordinance may provide other provisions on the same subject. Every charter ordinance shall be published once each week for two consecutive weeks in the official city or town newspaper, if any, otherwise in a newspaper of general circulation in the city or town. No charter ordinance shall take effect until the sixtieth (60th) day after its final publication. If prior thereto, a petition, signed by a number of qualified electors of the city or town, equaling at least ten per cent (10%) of the number of votes cast at the last general municipal election, shall be filed in the office of the clerk of such city or town, demanding that such ordinance be submitted to referendum, then the ordinance shall not take effect unless approved by a majority of the electors voting thereon. Such referendum election shall be called within thirty (30) days and held within ninety (90) days after the petition is filed. An ordinance establishing procedures, and fixing the date of such election shall be passed by the governing body and published once each week for three (3) consecutive weeks in the official city or town newspaper, if any, otherwise in a newspaper of general circulation in the city or town. The question on the ballot shall be: "Shall Charter Ordinance No. .... Entitled (stating the title of the ordinance) take effect?". The governing body may submit, without a petition, any charter ordinance to referendum election under the procedures as previously set out. The charter ordinance shall take effect if approved by a majority of the electors voting thereon. An approved charter ordinance, after becoming effective, shall be recorded by the clerk in a book maintained for that purpose with a certificate of the procedures of adoption. A certified copy of the ordinance shall be filed with the secretary of state, who shall keep an index of such ordinances. Each charter ordinance enacted shall prevail over any prior act of the governing body of the city or town, and may be repealed or amended only by subsequent charter ordinance, or by enactments of the legislature applicable to all cities and towns.
(d) The powers and authority granted to cities and towns, pursuant to this section, shall be liberally construed for the purpose of giving the largest measure of self-government to cities and towns.
Art. XIII §2 | CONSENT OF ELECTORS NECESSARY
Art. XIII §3 | RESTRICTION ON POWERS TO LEVY TAXES AND CONTRACT DEBTS
Art. XIII §4 | FRANCHISES
Art. XIII §5 | ACQUISITION OF WATER RIGHTS
Article XIV
Public Officers
Art. XIV §1 | STATED SALARIES TO BE PAID
Art. XIV §2 | FEES
Art. XIV §3 | LEGISLATURE TO DESIGNATE COUNTY OFFICES AND FIX SALARIES OF COUNTY OFFICERS
Art. XIV §4 | DEPUTIES
Art. XIV §5 | WHO ARE COUNTY OFFICERS REFERRED TO BY SECTION 3
Art. XIV §6 | CONSOLIDATION OF OFFICES
Article XV
Taxation and Revenue
Art. XV §1 | ASSESSMENT OF LANDS AND IMPROVEMENTS THEREON
Art. XV §2 | ASSESSMENT OF COAL LANDS
Art. XV §3 | TAXATION OF MINES AND MINING CLAIMS
Art. XV §4 | STATE LEVY LIMITED
Art. XV §5 | COUNTY LEVIES LIMITED
Art. XV §6 | CITY LEVIES LIMITED
Art. XV §7 | DEPOSITORIES FOR PUBLIC MONEYS
Art. XV §8 | PROFIT MAKING FROM PUBLIC FUNDS PROHIBITED
Art. XV §9 | LEGISLATURE TO PROVIDE FOR STATE BOARD OF EQUALIZATION
Art. XV §10 | DUTIES OF STATE BOARD OF EQUALIZATION
Art. XV §11 | UNIFORMITY OF ASSESSMENT REQUIRED
(ii) Property used for industrial purposes as defined by the legislature;
(iii) Residential real property; and
(iv) All other property, real and personal.
(c) Except as provided in this subsection the legislature shall not create new classes or subclasses or authorize any property to be assessed at a rate other than the rates set for authorized classes. The legislature may create a subclass of residential real property for owner occupied primary residences.
(d) All taxation shall be equal and uniform within each class and subclass of property. The legislature shall prescribe such regulations as shall secure a just valuation for taxation of all property, real and personal.
Art. XV §12 | EXEMPTIONS FROM TAXATION
Art. XV §13 | TAX MUST BE AUTHORIZED BY LAW; LAW TO STATE OBJECT
Art. XV §14 | SURRENDER OF TAXING POWER PROHIBITED
Art. XV §15 | STATE TAX FOR SUPPORT OF PUBLIC SCHOOLS
Art. XV §16 | DISPOSITION OF FEES, EXCISES AND LICENSE TAXES ON VEHICLES AND GASOLINE
Art. XV §17 | COUNTY LEVY FOR SUPPORT AND MAINTENANCE OF PUBLIC SCHOOLS
Art. XV §18 | FULL TAX CREDIT ALLOWED AGAINST ANY LIABILITY ARISING FROM A TAX ON INCOME
Art. XV §19 | MINERAL EXCISE TAX; DISTRIBUTION
Art. XV §20 | HIGHER EDUCATION TRUST FUNDS; INVESTMENTS; EARNINGS
Article XVI
Public Indebtedness
Art. XVI §1 | LIMITATION ON STATE DEBT
Art. XVI §2 | CREATION OF STATE DEBT IN EXCESS OF TAXES FOR CURRENT YEAR
Art. XVI §3 | LIMITATION ON COUNTY DEBT
Art. XVI §4 | CREATION OF COUNTY OR MUNICIPAL DEBT IN EXCESS OF TAXES FOR CURRENT YEAR
Art. XVI §5 | LIMITATION ON MUNICIPAL, COUNTY OR SCHOOL DISTRICT DEBT
Art. XVI §6 | LOAN OF CREDIT; DONATIONS PROHIBITED; INVESTMENT OF FUNDS; WORKS OF INTERNAL IMPROVEMENT
(ii) Subscribe to or become the owner of the capital stock of any association or corporation, except that:
(B) The legislature may provide by law for the investment of funds not designated as permanent funds of the state in the capital stock of any association or corporation and may designate which of these funds may be invested. The legislature may prescribe different investment conditions for each fund. Any legislation establishing or increasing the percentage of any fund that may be invested under this subparagraph shall be passed only by a two-thirds (2/3) vote of all the members of each of the two (2) houses voting separately;
(C) The legislature may provide by law for the investment of county, city, township, town, school district, or any other political subdivision's funds in the capital stock of any association or corporation and may designate which of these funds may be invested. The legislature may prescribe different investment conditions for each type and class of political subdivision and for each type of fund. Any legislation establishing or increasing the percentage of any fund that may be invested under this subparagraph shall be passed only by a two-thirds (2/3) vote of all the members of each of the two (2) houses voting separately.
Art. XVI §7 | PAYMENTS OF PUBLIC MONEY
Art. XVI §8 | ENDORSEMENTS REQUIRED ON BONDS AND OTHER EVIDENCES OF INDEBTEDNESS
Art. XVI §9 | CONSTRUCTION AND IMPROVEMENT OF PUBLIC ROADS AND HIGHWAYS
Art. XVI §10 | CONSTRUCTION AND IMPROVEMENT OF WORKS FOR CONSERVATION AND UTILIZATION OF WATER
Art. XVI §11 | CONSTRUCTION, MAINTENANCE AND IMPROVEMENT OF PUBLIC AIRPORTS, AIRCRAFT LANDING STRIPS AND RELATED FACILITIES
Art. XVI §12 | ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT LOAN FUND
(b) The investment fund created by this section shall be used to provide fully-funded loan guarantees or loans to proposed or existing enterprises which will employ people within the state, provide services within the state, use resources within the state or otherwise add economic value to goods, services or resources within the state.
(c) Monies within the revolving investment fund shall be loaned or used to guarantee loans under such terms and conditions as the legislature may by law direct.
(d) The cumulative total of monies appropriated to provide a revolving investment fund shall never exceed one percent (1%) on the assessed value of the taxable property in the state as shown by the last preceding general assessment for taxation.
(e) Notwithstanding the limitation of subsection (d) of this section, earnings on the revolving investment fund shall be added to the revolving investment fund and shall be invested as provided in this section.
Art. XVI §13 | INDUSTRIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT; POWERS OF COUNTIES AND MUNICIPALITIES
Article XVII
State Militia
Art. XVII §1 | OF WHOM MILITIA CONSTITUTED
Art. XVII §2 | LEGISLATURE TO PROVIDE FOR ENROLLMENT, EQUIPMENT AND DISCIPLINE
Art. XVII §3 | HOW OFFICERS COMMISSIONED
Art. XVII §4 | FLAGS
Art. XVII §5 | GOVERNOR TO BE COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF; POWERS
Article XVIII
Public Lands and Donations
Art. XVIII §1 | ACCEPTANCE OF LANDS FROM UNITED STATES; SALE OF SUCH LANDS
Art. XVIII §2 | APPLICATION OF PROCEEDS OF SALE OR RENTAL
Art. XVIII §3 | BOARD OF LAND COMMISSIONERS
Art. XVIII §4 | LEGISLATURE TO PROVIDE FOR DISPOSITION OF LANDS
Art. XVIII §5 | SPECIAL PRIVILEGES PROHIBITED
Art. XVIII §6 | DISPOSITION OF UNEXPENDED INCOME OF PERPETUAL SCHOOL FUND
Article XIX
Miscellaneous
Art. XIX §1 | LEGISLATURE TO PROVIDE FOR PROTECTION OF LIVESTOCK AND STOCK OWNERS
Art. XIX §2 | DAY’S WORK
Art. XIX §3 | WHO SHALL NOT BE EMPLOYED ON PUBLIC WORKS
Art. XIX §4 | LEGISLATURE TO PROVIDE FOR ENFORCEMENT OF SECTION 3
Art. XIX §5 | LEGISLATURE TO ESTABLISH COURTS OF ARBITRATION; DUTIES
Art. XIX §6 | IMPORTING ARMED BODIES TO SUPPRESS VIOLENCE PROHIBITED; EXCEPTION
Art. XIX §7 | CONTRACT EXEMPTING EMPLOYER FROM LIABILITY FOR PERSONAL INJURIES PROHIBITED
Art. XIX §8 | LEGISLATURE TO PROVIDE FOR VOLUNTARY SUBMISSION OF DIFFERENCES TO ARBITRATORS
Art. XIX §9 | EXEMPTION OF HOMESTEAD
Art. XIX §10 | INTOXICATING LIQUORS
Art. XIX §11 | USE OF MONIES IN PUBLIC EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT FUNDS RESTRICTED
Article XX
Amendments
Art. XX §1 | HOW AMENDMENTS PROPOSED BY LEGISLATURE AND SUBMITTED TO PEOPLE
Art. XX §2 | HOW TWO OR MORE AMENDMENTS VOTED ON
Art. XX §3 | CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION
Art. XX §4 | CONSTITUTION ADOPTED BY CONVENTION TO BE SUBMITTED TO PEOPLE
Article XXI
Schedule
Art. XXI §1 | ACQUIRED RIGHTS CONTINUE
Art. XXI §2 | TERRITORIAL PROPERTY VESTED IN STATE
Art. XXI §3 | TERRITORIAL LAWS BECOME STATE LAWS
Art. XXI §4 | ACCRUED FINES GO TO STATE
Art. XXI §5 | STATE TO SUE ON BONDS AND PROSECUTE CRIMES
Art. XXI §6 | TERRITORIAL OFFICERS TO HOLD OVER
Art. XXI §7 | SUBMISSION OF CONSTITUTION
"For the constitution--And as a heading to each of said ballots, shall be printed on each ballot the following instructions to voters:Yes.No."
"All persons who desire to vote for the constitution may erase the word 'No.'Any person may have printed or written on his ballot only the words:
All persons who desire to vote against the constitution may erase the word 'Yes.'"
"For the Constitution," or "Against the Constitution,"
and such ballots shall be counted for or against the constitution accordingly.
Art. XXI §8 | WHEN CONSTITUTION TAKES EFFECT
Art. XXI §9 | FIRST STATE ELECTION; TIME OF HOLDING; PROCLAMATION
Art. XXI §10 | FIRST STATE ELECTION; DUTY OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS; WHO MAY VOTE; CONDUCT OF ELECTION
Art. XXI §11 | FIRST STATE ELECTION; BOARD OF CANVASSERS
Art. XXI §12 | WHEN OFFICERS SHALL QUALIFY; OATHS; BONDS
Art. XXI §13 | FIRST STATE LEGISLATURE
Art. XXI §14 | LAWS TO BE PASSED
Art. XXI §15 | TRANSFER OF PENDING CAUSES, RECORDS AND SEAL OF COURTS
Art. XXI §16 | COURT SEALS
Art. XXI §17 | TRANSFER OF CAUSES AND RECORDS FROM PROBATE COURTS TO DISTRICT COURTS
Art. XXI §18 | HOW LEGISLATURE CHOSEN
Art. XXI §19 | DURATION OF TERMS OF TERRITORIAL COUNTY AND PRECINCT OFFICERS
Art. XXI §20 | TERMS OF STATE OFFICERS FIRST ELECTED
Art. XXI §21 | REGULAR SESSION OF LEGISLATURE FOLLOWING FIRST SESSION
Art. XXI §22 | REGULAR ELECTION FOLLOWING FIRST SESSION OF LEGISLATURE TO BE OMITTED
Art. XXI §23 | WHY CONSTITUTION FRAMED
Art. XXI §24 | STATE PART OF UNITED STATES
Art. XXI §25 | RELIGIOUS LIBERTY
Art. XXI §26 | OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN LANDS DISCLAIMED; RESTRICTION ON TAXATION OF NONRESIDENTS
Art. XXI §27 | TERRITORIAL LIABILITIES ASSUMED
Art. XXI §28 | LEGISLATURE TO PROVIDE FOR PUBLIC SCHOOLS
Done in open convention, at the City of Cheyenne, in the Territory of Wyoming, this 30th day of September in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and eighty-nine.
Attested:
| Melville C. Brown, President. | John K. Jeffrey, Secretary. |
Geo. W. Baxter,
C. W. Burdick,
Chas. H. Burritt,
Robt. C. Butler,
A. C. Campbell,
J. A. Casebeer,
W. E. Chaplin,
C. D. Clark,
Henry A. Coffeen,
Asbury B. Conaway,
Henry S. Elliott,
Frank M. Foote,
Geo. W. Fox,
Meyer Frank,
Mortimer N. Grant,
Frederick H. Harvey,
Henry G. Hay,
C. W. Holden,
Mark Hopkins,
John W. Hoyt,
Wm. C. Irvine,
James A. Johnston,
Jonathan Jones,
Jesse Knight,
John M. McCandlish,
Herman F. Menough,
Elliott N. Morgan,
Edward J. Morris,
H. G. Nickerson,
Caleb P. Organ,
Louis J. Palmer,
Chas. N. Potter,
D. A. Preston,
Thos. R. Reid,
De Forest Richards,
John A. Riner,
John L. Russell,
Richard H. Scott,
Geo. C. Smith,
A. L. Sutherland,
H. E. Teschemacher,
C. L. Vagner.
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